You can overclock a CPU simply by raising either the base clock or the multiplier. For example, Intel’s Core i5-750 processor (at its stock speed) uses a base clock of 133MHz and a multiplier of 20 for an effective frequency of 2.66GHz. The speed at which your processor runs is established by multiplying the base clock by the CPU multiplier. The CPU multiplier is sometimes called the CPU ratio. Older boards may refer to the front side bus, or FSB, which for our purposes does the same job. You may see the base clock abbreviated to BCLK, or misleadingly referred to as the “CPU frequency”. These are the base clock, in megahertz, and the CPU multiplier, typically a number between ten and 40. Such measures shouldn’t be necessary here, since we’re interested only in the two numbers that determine the speed of the CPU. This normally means setting a jumper or pressing a button on the motherboard check your manual for details. Should you somehow manage to make your PC unbootable, you can usually recover it by clearing the CMOS memory that stores your settings. If you get into trouble, you can always exit the BIOS without saving your changes. If you accidentally change something you shouldn’t, simply press the appropriate key to restore the default settings. Almost all the options can be safely left at their default settings you don’t need to know about idle states, C1E, north bridge frequencies or such like. If you haven’t delved into your BIOS before, coming face to face with a page full of advanced settings can be daunting. Different boards present the relevant settings in different ways, but they’re normally easy enough to find: check your motherboard manual if you get lost, and click here for a step-by-step guide to changing your BIOS settings. In most cases, if you want to overclock your CPU, you’ll have to do it by changing the BIOS settings. Others offer handy buttons that you can press to nudge the speed up and down.
Some motherboards allow you to overclock the CPU from within Windows, using custom software.
But they can often be overclocked to match the speeds of their pricier brethren – or even exceed them. The more expensive models have been tested and guaranteed by the manufacturer to run stably at higher speeds, while the cheaper ones are guaranteed to run only at lower frequencies, and are sold at a lower price to reflect that. Indeed, where a manufacturer offers several models of a processor running at different speeds, the chips are normally all functionally identical.
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